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Mustafa Nadeem Kirmani ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Psychology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, IN

Abstract

In recent years there is resurgence of spiritual and religious based training on moral behaviors. Psychologists have been involved traditionally in rectifying negative and health damaging behaviors. The current focus of psychologists has been to understand human strengths and positive traits which are often associated with positive health outcomes. Morality based behaviors are also become the focus of recent psychological investigations. Behaviors like being forgiving, having gratitude and other positive values like character building, having virtues and temperance are closely related to positive health outcomes, relationship building and positive mental health. The current paper will highlight the notion of moral behaviors, its theory, gender differences in moral behavior and psychological techniques to cultivate moral behaviors. The paper will integrate Quran and morality and attempts to incorporate psycho-quranic approach to cultivate moral behaviors in children and adolescents.

Keywords

Moralbehavior, Morality, Psycho-Quranic.

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Mustafa Nadeem Kirmani ¹, Firdos Jahan ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Psychology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, IN
2 Aligarh, U.P, IN

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to examine Psychological Capital (PsyCap) among Private Bank Employees in Aligarh. The main objectives of the present research were to (i) Examine Psychological Capital in a group of senior and junior managers working in Private Banks, (ii) Examine the differences between the different dimensions of Psychological Capital (Self-efficacy, Hope, Optimism and Resiliency) in a group of senior and junior Managers. A sample of 74 bank employees in the age range of 29-52 years and a mean age of 37.30 years and SD of 3.9 were selected using purposive sampling of which 40 were junior managers and 34 were senior managers working in private banking sector. 12 item Psychological Capital Questionnaire (Luthans, Avolio, Avey, & Norman, 2007) was used to examine the Psychological Capital and its dimensions in a mentioned sample. The Questionnaire was administered individually to the respondents. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics like mean, SD and inferential statistics like t test. The findings revealed no significant difference in both the group on the overall measure of PsyCap, means being 48.35 and 49.13 of Senior Managers and Junior Managers respectively. The results also revealed insignificant differences between the groups on 3 of its 4 dimensions. On the dimension of Optimism, however, significant difference was found between Senior and Junior Managers. The major limitation of the research was its small sample size.

Keywords

Psychological Capital, Human Potential, Bank Employees.

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Preeti Sharma ¹, Mustafa Nadeem Kirmani ²

Affiliations
1 Pacific University, Udaipur, IN
2 Department of Psychology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, IN

Abstract

Drinking practices and substance use borders have increased significantly both globally and in India. Alcohol and substance use is a major concern on college campuses. College drinking is often considered socially acceptable behavior on the college social and cultural scene. College culture often views drinking as a rite of passage, encouraging behavior that is destructive to the college sub culture and general population. Alcohol use and abuse are cause of concern because the educational process and quality of campus student life are disrupted. There is growing concern about alcohol/substance abuse in India also. Precursors of drug and alcohol problems have been described as nsk factors for alcohol abuse and are associated statistically with an increased probability of drug and alcohol abuse. There are host of risk factors including cultural norms and values, attitude toward drinking and substance use, legal factors, increased stress in the society, family factors, interpersonal and intrapersonal conflicts, cognitive factors like expectancies and beliefs related to alcohol use. In the management of alcohol and substance use disorders, psychological interventions play a pivotal role. Interventions like social skills teaming, effective coping skills, drink refusal skills, cognitive behaviour interventions, family based and marital interventions are often employed in alcohol use. In recent years, motivation enhance therapy and mindfulness based urge surfing therapy have become common in clinical practice. The current paper will briefly discuss the components, process and efficacy of motivation enhancement therapy in the management of alcohol use.

Keywords

Motivation Enhancement Therapy, Alcohol/Substance Use.

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Mustafa Nadeem Kirmani ¹, Mohammed Anus ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Psychology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, IN

Abstract

The education system in India primarily focuses on teaching students just academic and literacy aspects of life. Increasing knowledge base is the core goal of education in Indian schools and colleges. The purpose of education has been to acquaint students with baste knowledge of languages, social and baste sciences, and mathematics. Spiritual and rehgious base value education has been ignored in the contemporary education system. Educationists and psychologists have realized that the education in schools and colleges need to be broadened and should include teaching and teaming the positive behavioral skills which are adaptive for everyday living. The World Health Organization has also emphasize dont eaching school and college students the basic skills of life known as life skills. Emergence of positive psychology has also shifted the focus of education toward teaching and training in positive psychological states like happiness, gratitude, forgiveness and spirituality. This is often known as positive schooling. Gratitude and forgiveness are also the values cherished by the major religions of the world like Islam, Hinduism, and Christianity. Research has shown that gratitude and forgiveness in people are associated with wellbeing and happiness. The current paper will focus on interventions which will increase gratitude in school and college going students. There is also a need to incorporate these concepts in school and college curriculum to enhance well-being of students. There is also a need to place professional counselors and psychologist in schools and colleges for imparting training in these values to students.

Keywords

Gratitude, Education, Positive Psychology.

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Mustafa Nadeem Kirmani ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Psychology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, IN

Abstract

In India, parents often start sending their children to school around 3 and half to 4 years. School plays a formative and crucial role in the spheres of cognitive, language, emotional, social and moral development of students. Education at school level is the key and forms the basis for the future development and success of the students. Traditionally, imparting education to a child would mean teaching literacy and numeracy skills i.e. the ability to read and write and learn to identify numbers. The purpose of education at school level, however, is broader than just literacy. Its purpose is holistic development of children in terms of their intellectual, social, emotional, interpersonal, moral and spiritual abilities. The strong educational foundation can only be laid in children if the schools aim and facilitate ways and pathways for the holistic development of their students. In order to achieve this goal, the teachers and staff need to be sensitized about this and should involve students' parents too in the process. Teaching and learning is basically a collaborative process involving motivated teachers, students and their parents. The most significant aspect that need to be focused in current schooling system in India is to teach and train school students to learn to transform their knowledge into action. The purpose of the current conceptual paper is to sensitize the a) Educators, parents, policy makers and common masses about the nature and purpose of holistic schooling b) Educators, parents and policy makers about imparting training in holistic education. The holistic education aims to foster students' cognitive, emotional, behavioural, moral and spiritual abilities so that schooling in India not just focuses on literacy skills but rather the overall development of the students which will make them self-responsible and self-sufficient and later enrich their personal and professional life. This will significantly contribute in our Nation building process.

Keywords

Holistic Schooling, Cognitive, Emotional, Behavioral, Moral And Spiritual Abilities.

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Divyani Sharma ¹, Mustafa Nadeem Kirmani ²

Affiliations
1 Jaipur, Rajasthan, IN
2 Department of Psychology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, IN

Abstract

Problem solving skills play an important role in the life of an individual for dealing life challenges effectively. The core idea of this model of therapy is striving toward solution of the problem and using all possible ways to deal with it. People following problem solving approach in their life have better quality of life and well-being. Problem solving is an empirical based approach and is a skill that can be build in people. The present paper presents a case of an adult who has academic and mood related difficulties on whom problem solving therapy was used. Following the training in problem solving therapy using specific techniques for specific symptoms and issues, the client reported significant improvement in his symptoms. The present paper describes in detail the case of problem solving therapy.

Keywords

Problem Solving, Cognitive Restructuring, Relaxation.

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Firdos Jahan ¹, Mustafa Nadeem Kirmani ¹, Asthm A. Parveen ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Psychology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, U.P., IN
2 Department of Psychology, Women's College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, IN

Abstract

Traditionally, psychologists and other professionals have been relying on the notion of punishment to deal with challenging and maladaptive behaviours of children with special needs and even with well functioning children. It had worked and had lead to significant changes in challenging behaviours of children. It followed strict behavioural approach. The new approach to deal with challenging behaviours that has emerged is a blend of positive psychology and applied behavioural analysis. This is often known as positive behavioral support. This is more broad based approach focusing on children's strengths, context of the behaviour and motivations behind those behaviours. Positive behavioral support (PBS) is a comprehensive, research-based proactive approach to behavioral support that endeavors to generate comprehensive change for children with challenging behavior. It involves identifying the purpose of challenging behavior, teaching appropriate alternative responses that serve the same purpose as the challenging behavior, consistently rewarding positive behaviors and minimizing the rewards for challenging behavior, and minimizing the physiological, environmental, and curricular elements that trigger challenging behavior. Proven PBS strategies include altering the classroom environment, increasing predictability and scheduling, increasing choice making, reinforcing positive behaviors, and teaching replacement skills. The current paper will focus on the various positive behavioral support strategies that are helpful in working with children displaying challenging behaviours.

Keywords

Positive Behaviour Support, Challenging Behaviour, Applied Behaviour Analysis.

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Mustafa Nadeem Kirmani ¹, Firdos Jahan ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Psychology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, IN
2 Jubilant Psyche Solution Clinic, Aligarh, U.P., IN

Abstract

Autism is one of the common disabilities in children. It is considered as a neurocognitive disorder with significant social impairments, language and speech issues and repetitive behaviors called as stereotypies. Behavioral anomalies like self injurious behaviors and other comorbities like ADHD, mental retardation, seizures are common among children with Autism. Genetics play a significant role in the etiology of autism. Initially, behavioral interventions were the only mode of intervention in this condition. Recently, however, multi disciplinary approach is used in the management of autism. The aim of interventions is not cure but improving and maximizing functional abilities of the patients. The current paper will focus on the various psychological approaches being utilized in the management of autism.

Keywords

Autism, Behavioral Anomalies, Behavioral Interventions.

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Mustafa Nadeem Kirmani ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Psychology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, IN

Abstract

In the recent times, psychologists and behavioral scientists have refocused their attention on the role of Spirituality and Religion on Health and other aspects of behavior. Human health is a multidimensional construct which is influenced by gamut of factors. Youths of any nation are important because they are the most potent and productive in their work. The healthy and well-functioning youths are assets to any system and organization. Involving in Spiritual activities is often associated with positive health and many positive behaviors. It becomes vital to investigate these variables in Indian context. The aim of the current paper was to examine Spirituality and Health in college going Youths. The main objectives of the current study were to (i) Examine Health among college going Boys (ii) Examine Spirituality among college going Girls (iii) Examine correlations between Health and Spirituality. A sample of 100 college going students from one of the Government Universities at Aligarh City were selected for the current study using convenient sampling method.The measures used were General Health Questionnaire-28 Item version- GHQ-28 ( GHQ-28, Goldberg & Hillier, 1979) and Spirituality Questionnaire, SQ-20item version(Hardt, Schultz, Xander, Becker &Dragan, 2012).The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics like mean, SD and inferential statistics like t test and correlational analysis was used to examine the relationships among the variables. The findings indicate an insignificant gender differences on the variables of Health and Spirituality, significant positive relationship between Spirituality and Health. The intercorelations among some of the Health subscales were significant and some were insignificant and similar results were obtained on Spirituality variable.. The study highlights the significance of spirituality as possible factor leading to positive health among college Youths and a need to train them in Spiritual oriented practices and interventions to enhance their health.

Keywords

Spirituality, Health, College Youths, Spiritual Practices.

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Mustafa Nadeem Kirmani ¹, Mohammed Anus ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Psychology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, IN

Abstract

The education system m India primarily focuses on teaching students just academic and literacy aspects of life. Increasing knowledge base is the core goal of education m Indian schools and colleges. The purpose of education has been to acquaint students with basic knowledge of languages, social and basic sciences, and mathematics. Spiritual and rehgious base value education has been ignored in the contemporary education system. Educationists and psychologists have realized that the education in schools and colleges need to be broadened and should include teaching and training the positive behavioral skills which are adaptive for everyday living. The World Health Organization has also emphasized on teaching school and college students the basic skills of life known as life skills. Emergence of positive psychology has also shifted the focus of education toward teaching and training m positive psychological states Hke happiness, gratitude, forgiveness and spirituality. This is often known as positive schooling. Gratitude and forgiveness are also the values cherished by the major religions of the world like Islam, Hinduism, and Christianity. Research has shown that gratitude and forgiveness m people are associated with wellbeing and happiness. The current paper will focus on interventions which will increase gratitude m school and college going students. There is also a need to incorporate these concepts m school and college curriculum to enhance well-being of students. There is also a need to place professional counselors and psychologist m schools and colleges for imparting training in these values to students.

Keywords

Gratitude, Education, Positive Psychology.

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